重做蘇珊娜尼斯的作品「強姦是」(2012)


為了對性侵犯議題有更多討論，文晶瑩在「讓作品為自己說話」展覽中的一個角落，隨得觀衆發表「強姦是(甚麼)?」的意見。這部分得到蘇珊娜尼斯 (Suzanne Lacy) 一九七二年的著作 “強姦是”的啟發。和尼斯的作品不同，文晶瑩不是自己寫答案，而是開放答案，由觀衆書寫。展出的地方放有一叠印上“強姦是” 的白紙，然後留有空白位任觀衆發揮，填寫答案。亦預備了簡單工具，觀衆可自行貼紙上牆展出。為了鼓勵參與氣氛，文晶瑩先展出尼斯的部分答案，例如：

 「強姦是當你的男友聽到你最好的朋友被強姦，他問：『她當時穿甚麼衣服？』」
「強姦是當你告發強姦犯，卻變成自己被審判。」
「強姦是當鄰居的男人赤身露體，你看了後覺得有罪咎感。」
  
展期只有四天，觀衆反應相當熱烈，有約百四個留言或圖，顯示了多樣的想法，亦反映了社會現實。

部分答案是客觀的定義，例如：
「無論在什麼情況下, 你不是自願跟別人發生性行為, 就是了…」
「侵犯某人的性權利」
「Having “Sex” with someone with no consent (在得不到同意的情况下與別人性交。) 」

部分則是社會上常見的迷思，認為部分受害者是自願的或強姦是一種享受。「Girls are not the victims, but the planners (女人不是受害者，而是策劃者)」「爽!」「另類身體的檢查」，亦人說要以逆來順受的態度去面對，「反抗不到就要去學習享受」，對於罪行採取默許的態度。這類說法有人不同意並作出指責：「自己爽, 不理人的感受!? 自私!? 」、「有誰喜歡被侮辱，不要相信搵笨的歪理!」、「犯罪的行為　要坐牢很久　不要胡作非為」。

而部分人則強調受害者的感覺，反證強姦何爽之有，例如：
「 Break someone’s dream with no key. (不用鑰匙去強開並破壞別人的夢想。) 」
「你話我知世界無童話」
「受過的傷，像痳疹般擴散」
「把某人的快樂建築在別人的痛苦上」
「令人肉體和身心受重大創傷的惡毒行為」

另一強姦迷思是「男人絕對不會遇上的事」卻有相當多的反對意見：「不同意， 有受害者是男性， 強姦有時是想侮辱另一人， 不分男女。」「無分男女的， 但相同的是有一方是被逼的!!」

部分答案延伸定義，不只包括行為上，亦包括思想上的，例如：
「強迫別人做其不情願看/不想聽/不想意會的事。」
「　．．．不限制於身體，而包括思想　．．．我會說思想上的強姦比肉體的強姦更具傷害性，破壞性。」

亦有延伸到生活上，如：
「銀行戶口沒剩多少錢時，銀行還要收月費…」
「用心的設計受到客戶無理而且低質的改動。>_<」
「TVB硬sell林峯Chok，強姦觀眾耳朵!! 」

亦有延伸到教育，如：「交作品集 」「334不知所謂的教育制度~~」「考試需要有成績的! 」「我的時間經常被功課(做project) 強姦了」從中估計不少觀眾是學生，答案感受到學生的壓力。

亦有延伸到社會時事，如D&G 事件、繁體字被打壓、特首選舉等：
「D&G 吾比我地去拍照」
「(64)沒有死過人」
「 每日去茶餐廳叫ABC常餐 每日開電視見到唐英年 每日都知道仲有聽日 每日都發生但你唔覺發生」

部分則是一些開玩笑式的演譯，例如：
「三個很強的女人 」
「三眼仔著裙 」
「多啦A夢唔著衫！」

" 當中有說「甚麼？? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 9歲的小朋友看完還是不明白 ….. 」相信這是一個普遍的情况，正如一位觀眾說「強姦，這詞語不曾在學校的課本上出現過， 甚至老師，家長也絕口不提。自此，這就像個禁忌，小孩都不懂不清楚，記得我有這方面的知識，大概也到了小四、五、六，亦只從報章的報道得知。當然，不以為然，因為好像若打開這禁忌，便會失去一般眾所周知的僅屬小孩的天真。性知識需廣泛教育已被提出了多年，始終沒有實行，這教育非一般教小孩有關性，而是告知小孩有關性的一切，要他們好好保護自己，要是我們一直封起嘴吧，一直沉默對待，受害的，只會覺得是自己不幸，是自己的錯。」

作品「強姦是 …」 一方面表達文晶瑩對蘇珊娜尼斯作品的尊敬，另方面，作者自己在這個議題上說得多，很想聽聽別人的說法，不如就來一個直接討論。可能正正因為作品簡單直接，容易參與，只四天展出時間，便得到觀眾熱烈的回應。這些回應令作品變得豐富，不單討論了性侵犯的議題，暴露了性侵犯的迷思，更將議題帶到日常生活上，將強姦泛指成各樣強迫他人做不願意的事情。原來我們的生活充斥著各樣侵犯的事例，或許應思考一下怎樣減少這些不理想的情况。

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Redo Suzanne Lacy’s work “Rape Is” (2012)

In order to have more discussion on the issue of sexual assaults, a corner was set up in the show (“Let the Works Speak For Themselves”) to let the audience express their views about what rape is. This part is inspired by Suzanne Lacy’s art book “Rape is” (1972). The major part of Phoebe’s work is different from Lacy’s. Phoebe did not write the answers herself. She sought answers from the audience. In the exhibition area, she placed a pack of paper on which 2 words (RAPE IS) were printed; the blank space was for the audience to write their answers. She also prepared some tools for the audience to stick their papers on the wall. To encourage audience participation, Phoebe showed some of Lacy’s answers, for example:

-When your boyfriend hears your best friend was raped and he asks, "What was she wearing?"
-When the man next door exposes himself and you feel guilty for having looked.
-When you attempt to prosecute the rapist, and find yourself on trial instead.

The exhibition viewers were very enthusiastic about participating in the show. There were more than 140 posts in 4 days. The posts showed a variety of definitions related to the subject and also reflected the reality of the society.

Some of the answers are objective definitions of rape, for example:

-No matter under what circumstances, you are not voluntarily having sex with others and that is ...
-Violation of a person's sexual rights
-Having “Sex” with someone with no consent

Some of the answers represent common myths about rape. People think some of the victims agreed to have sex with the perpetrators and they enjoyed being raped. For example, “Girls are not the victims, but the planners.” “Cool!” “Alternative body check.”

Some of the audience suggested passive ways to face the violence, e.g., “If you cannot resist it, you need to learn how to enjoy it.” This group of people tolerates the crime. Some people did not agree, “Just think of yourself and ignore others’ feelings!? So selfish!?”, “Who would like to be insulted? Don’t believe in this kind of myth!” “Committing crime would result in jail for a long time. Behave yourself!”

Some people emphasized the feelings of the victims to disprove that being raped is cool, for example:
 - Break someone's dream with no key.
- You tell me this world does not have fairy tales.
- The wound spreads like measles.
- A person’s happiness builds on the suffering of others.
- Vicious behavior which physically and psychologically hurt a person seriously.

Another rape myth about “rape never happens on men” received a considerable number of objections, e.g., “Disagree. There are male victims. To rape sometimes is to insult another person, regardless of gender.” “Makes no difference between men and women. It is the same thing if one of the parties is being forced.”

Some answers extend the definition. Sexual assault not only includes behavior but is an ideology, e.g.,
 - Forced others to do what they do not want to see/hear/sense.
- …does not restrict to body, it also includes mind …. I want to say mind rape is more harmful and destructive than body rape. 

Several answers extended to daily lives, e.g.
- There is not so much of money left in the bank account. Bank still charges a monthly fee ...
- A hearty design was changed by customers unreasonably and made ugly. > _ <
-TVB hard sold Raymond Lam’s song “Chok” and raped the audience’s ears!

Certain answers extended the definitions to education, e.g.
- Submission of portfolio L
- 334 education system.
- Needs to have good academic results.
- My time is always raped by my project assignments.
From the answers, we can know that a number of those in the audience were students and their stress showed.

A number of answers developed the definitions into social issues, e.g.,
- D& G did not allow us to take pictures at their shops.
- No one died on June Fourth.
- You go to café to order ABC regular meal every day. Switch on the TV and you see Henry Tang every day. You know there is tomorrow every day. Rape happens every day but you cannot feel it happens.  

Some of the answers are jokes, e.g.,
- Three strong women.
- Little Green Man wears skirt.
- Doraemon does not wear clothes!

A person said, “What??????? A nine years old child can’t understand….” This is a common phenomenon, as one viewer answered, "Rape, this word never appears in school textbooks, even teachers and parents do not mention it. Since it is like a taboo, the children do not know what it is. I remember that I had knowledge in this area, probably when I was studying in primary four, five and six. I only learned it from the newspapers. I did not care about it because it seems that if the door to this taboo was opened, I could not be naïve anymore. Extensive sex education has been proposed for years but it has never been implemented. This kind of education not just teaches students about sex but also issues relating to sex, asking them to protect themselves. If we keep our mouths shut, keep silent, and things happen, we would only think we are unlucky, this is our own fault.”

The work "Rape is ..." on the one hand expresses Phoebe’s respect for Suzanne Lacy, and on the other hand, the artist wants to have a direct discussion on the issue of sexual assault. May be because the work is simple, straightforward and easy to participate in, it got a lot of responses though it was on display for only four days. These responses enriched the work. Not only the issue of sexual assault was discussed, myths of sexual assault were exposed and the topic was integrated into the daily life: rape refers to all sorts of things which others are forced to do. In fact, our lives are filled with all sorts of violence, and perhaps we should think of ways of eliminating it.

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